Persuasive Essay On Abortion - 1410 Words

Is abortion wrong? Does a fetus have rights? Should a woman have the right to abort if she decides she does not want to have a child? Should a father have a say in whether a fetus is aborted or carried to term? There are countless reasons a woman may choose to have an abortion. Abortion is a controversial and emotional topic that sparks a great deal of debate. Hearing facts will assist one in deriving a more knowledgeable stance on the matter. There are several circumstances that may cause a woman to choose to have an abortion. For instance, if she conceived because of a rape or incest, she may not want to carry the child to term. While the mother may not want a constant reminder running around, bringing back memories of what†¦show more content†¦As with any medication, there is a risk for side effects after utilizing this option. In addition to nausea and vomiting, side effects include, but are not limited to headache, breast tenderness, dizziness, and fluid retention (Trussel, et al. 271). Fortunately, there have been no long-term effects associated with this method. In the event an unexpected pregnancy is not suspected before an emergency contraception can be taken, there are still options available to abort. Mifepristone and misoprostol can be prescribed by a physician as late as 63 days into a pregnancy. First, the doctor will confirm a pregnancy has occurred and give the dose of mifepristone. Forty-eight hours later the misoprostol is taken. A follow-up appointment is recommended to ensure the pregnancy has been successfully terminated. As with any method of abortion, there are side effects common to this procedure, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and vaginal bleeding (Spitz et al. 1242). In the event this method is not successful, there are still other options available. Although surgery is typically a last resort, sometimes it is the only option left when medication has not successfully terminated the pregnancy. Vacuum aspiration is the medical term used for fetal removal by means of suction. Typically, the mother is given misoprostol before the procedure toShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Essay About Abortion993 Words   |  4 Pagesin two peoples perspectives. The story consisted of a daughter (Deb) and mother’s perspective after the death of her father. The purpose of this layout is to show how they are both grieving in individual ways. Writing for the persuasive was presented as an essay on why abortion should be accessible in every country, and to also outline the shame women receive. Purpose Purpose for writing publication- Purpose for writing a real-estate article was to inform a potential buyer on the house showed. AlsoRead MoreAbortion Persuasive Essay1119 Words   |  5 Pages To begin with, there has always been an extensive issue with the topic of abortion, why? Well, it’s a tough subject and can get extremely emotional and very defensive. Honestly, people just need to open up their eye’s and understand that its murder and not just a choice. It is murder because two can create a blessing and the choice of aborting it, is more like a sacrifice for the reason a mother can’t carry a baby for nine months. Whether a person is a minor, young adult, or an adult and is inRead MoreAbortion Persuasive Essay755 Words   |  4 Pagesinstead these babies are torn limb by limb, burned, and many other tortuous methods to end the precious life. Abortion is murder and is not only very cruel to the unborn baby but it also harms the mother. Pro-choice is an escape from the harsh reality that a baby is being murdered, and in my eyes a life should only be terminated if God himself is ready to call them home. One reason why abortion is wrong is because they are many other safe solutions that would give the child a chance at life. AdoptionRead MorePersuasive Essay On Abortion917 Words   |  4 PagesAbortions in Texas consist of ending a pregnancy of an unborn child before it can live out of the mother womb. However if the pregnancy ends not on purpose before the twenty four week mark then technically it would be considered a miscarriage. Though inducing the abortion on purpose has caused a lot of controversy over the past century. Deliberately putting people on one of two sides of this issues, of either being for it, which would be considered Pro Choice. Or in the other category of the ProRead MorePersuasive Essay On Abortion1635 Words   |  7 Pagessolve this issue the option of abortion was brought to the forefront by scientists and advocates such as Dan Savage who mentioned that abortion should be mandatory for the next 30 years in or to control the population. (Ertlet) For countri es such as the U.S. with a growth rate being 1.6%, the proposal of widespread abortion is highly recommended as mentioned by obstetricians and gynecologists. (MumfordKessel) Who now leaves the question as to if the option of abortion should be used as a means ofRead MorePersuasive Essay On Abortion1228 Words   |  5 Pagesmillion pregnancies each year in the United States, 1.6 million end up in abortion† (Hern). Because of the numerous traumatic psychological, physical, and overall irresponsible behavior or actions constantly encouraged due to abortion, it should be banned, and forever illegal. Killing one’s own fetus has been linked to psychological distress which has been channeled into many different cases of substance abuse. â€Å"Induced abortion has been linked to increased rates of substance abuse, especially amongRead MoreAbortion Persuasive Essay804 Words   |  4 Pagesfamily with someone. Often times accidents happen in which people didn’t plan for, and can lead to many financial problems or neglect of one’s child because the parents weren’t prepared to be parents. This is why there should be the option of abortion. Abortion needs to be an option for everyone because it helps from long lasting mental states, infection, economical problems, and or having conceived from a non consensual circumstance. Pregnancy is a hard and unforgiving to the woman’s body. In factRead MorePersuasive Essay On Abortion954 Words   |  4 Pagesand nations who destroy life by abortion and euthanasia are the poorest. I do not say legal or illegal, but I think that no human hand should be raised to kill life, since life is God’s life in us, even in an unborn child.† Do you know what abortion really is? Abortion is the ending of pregnancy by removing a fetus or embryo before it can survive outside the uterus. Abortion seems to be more common in today’s society. Numerous amounts of individuals support abortion, and do not realize how it affectsRead MoreAbortion Persuasive Essay736 Words   |  3 Pagesfavor of abortion rights. The decision was 7-2, it stated that it showed a â€Å"right of privacy.†Abortions have been performed for thousands of years all around the world, even though many women died from it. Women nowadays have a choice of whether they want to get an abortion. Abortions do come with risk, one of them being death, but women should still have a right and say what they want to do with pregnancy and not be judged by others for doing so. Today the debate across the world is if abortion shouldRead MorePersuasive Essay On Abortion1321 Words   |  6 Pagessomeone who may be suicidal or who is suicidal himself/herself. As for taking away fetus’ lives, the damage that abortion makes on life can be proven with the statistics. According to Casey, â€Å"over the past 44 years, one-sixth (60,000,000) of the American population has been killed by elective abortion. Twenty-five percent of African-Americans are killed in the womb America,† (Should Abortion Be Legal n.p.). The figure 60,000,000 is a depressing number considering that these children could have been future

Business Law Exam 1 Notes - 1954 Words

BMGT 380 Exam One Statutory Interpretation 1. Plain Meaning Rule: Courts are supposed to apply and interpret statutes (æ ³â€¢Ã¤ » ¤) according to their usual or ordinary meanings. 2. Legislative History (when 1 conflicts with 2ï ¼Å'consider 2 first): if legislative history suggests a different outcome than plain meaning rule, the court then will mostly likely do what the legislative history suggests. ïÆ'Ëœ hearings on proposed legislation †» ïÆ'Ëœ committee reports †» ïÆ'Ëœ amendments (ä ¿ ®Ã¦ ­ £Ã¦ ¡Ë†) to the legislation ïÆ'Ëœ proposed but defeated (Ã¥ ºÅ¸Ã¥ ¼Æ'çš„ï ¼Å'æâ€"  Ã¦â€¢Ë†Ã§Å¡â€ž) amendments - – most useful sources 3. General Public Purpose: the courts apply the statutory in light of (è€Æ'虑åˆ °Ã¯ ¼â€ºÃ¤ »Å½Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã§Å¡â€ž è §â€šÃ§â€š ¹) various general public purposes. (widely accepted general notions of public policy) 4.†¦show more content†¦(æÆ' ³Ã¦Ë† Ã¤ ¸ º corporation Ã¥ ¿â€¦Ã© ¡ »Ã¥â€¦Ë† incorporatedï ¼Å'files a bunch of papers, most company incorporated in Delaware ∠µÃ©â€š £Ã©â€¡Å'Ã¥ ¯ ¹ corporation æÅ"‰åˆ ©) æ ³ ¨: Ã¥ ¦â€šÃ¦Å¾Å" 1 ä ¸ ªÃ¤ º ºÃ¦Ëœ ¯ MD å… ¬Ã¦ °â€˜Ã¯ ¼Å' ä ¸â‚¬Ã¤ ¸ ªÃ¥â€¦ ¬Ã¥  ¸Ã¦Ëœ ¯ MD å’Å' CA çš„ citizenï ¼Å' ä ¸ Ã¨Æ' ½ sue under the diversity J ∠µÃ¥â€¦ ¬Ã¥  ¸Ã¥ ¿â€¦Ã© ¡ »Ã¤ ¸ Ã¨Æ' ½Ã¦Ëœ ¯ MD çš„ï ¼Å'Ã¥  ³Ã¤ ½ ¿Ã¤ ¹Å¸Ã¦Ëœ ¯ CA çš„ 2 Federal Question J: exists when 1) the case arises under the U.S Constitution laws, Federal Law, or U.S treaty. 2) There is NO amount-in-controversy requirement for Federal Question J æ€ »Ã§ »â€œ: In order to sue at the Federal level, you have to have Subject-Matter Jurisdiction + In Personam Jurisdiction, and also have proper Venue (V Ã¥  ªÃ¥Å" ¨Ã©â€š £Ã¤ ºâ€º æÅ"‰å ¤Å¡Ã¤ ¸ ª districts çš„ State ä ¼Å¡Ã¦Ëœ ¯Ã¤ ¸ ªÃ©â€" ®Ã© ¢ËœÃ¯ ¼Å'è ¦ Ã©â‚¬â€°Ã¦â€¹ © which district to pick) Concurrent Jurisdiction: Often, federal district courts have C J with state courts, meaning that both state and federal courts have Jurisdiction over the case. (notes: æÅ"‰ä ºâ€º cases Ã¥  ªÃ¨Æ' ½Ã¥Å" ¨ State æˆâ€"者å  ªÃ¨Æ' ½Ã¥Å" ¨ federal Courts è § £Ã¥â€  ³Ã¯ ¼Å'è€Å'ä ¸ Ã¨Æ' ½ concurrent J. ä ¾â€¹: Patent cases must be litigated in the Federal system.) - The defendant has the option to remove the case to an federal district court (å›  Ã¤ ¸ º federal Courts çš„ judges usually better than state court) - The plaintiff has the option to remand (Ã¥  ¬Ã¥â€ºÅ¾) the case back to state courts 2. Specialized Federal Courts - ä ¾â€¹ 1: Court of Federal Claims (whichShow MoreRelatedHrm 517 Week 6 Assignment 1 Planning Document896 Words   |  4 PagesHRM 517 WEEK 6 ASSIGNMENT 1 PLANNING DOCUMENT To purchase this visit here: http://www.activitymode.com/product/hrm-517-week-6-assignment-1-planning-document/ Contact us at: SUPPORT@ACTIVITYMODE.COM HRM 517 WEEK 6 ASSIGNMENT 1 PLANNING DOCUMENT HRM 517 Week 6 Assignment 1 - Planning Document You have recently been appointed head of human resources and are now in charge of managing a small team. Your next project is to revamp the compensation and benefits package employees are receivingRead MoreHrm 531 Week 2 Individual Assignment Essays1014 Words   |  5 Pagesactivitymode.com/product/hrm-531-week-2-individual-assignment/ Contact us at: SUPPORT@ACTIVITYMODE.COM HRM 531 WEEK 2 INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT The Employment Law Compliance Plan task in the form of a memo, as described in the message from Traci on the Atwood and Allen Consulting Page. Activity mode aims to provide quality study notes and tutorials to the students of HRM 531 Week 2 Individual Assignment in order to ace their studies. HRM 531 Week 2 Individual Assignment Activity mode, HRM 531Read MoreMgmt 410 Final Exam 100% Correct Answers1204 Words   |  5 PagesMGMT 410 Final Exam 100% Correct Answers Follow Below Link to Download Tutorial https://homeworklance.com/downloads/mgmt-410-final-exam-100-correct-answers/ For More Information Visit Our Website ( https://homeworklance.com/ ) Email us At: Support@homeworklance.com or lancehomework@gmail.com FINAL EXAM TOPICS/CONCEPTS WITH RELATED QUESTIONS (10) 1. Human Resource Management and Strategic Planning – Identify and describe the Functions for Human Resources Management Define the conceptRead MoreEssay on Mgt 520 Final Exam Study1408 Words   |  6 PagesMGMT520 Final Exam Study Guide Finals open on Saturday April 20  at 12:01 a.m. MT (Saturday morning) Finals close on Thursday April 25 at 11:59 p.m. MT (Thursday night) PLEASE DON’T WAIT TILL THE LAST MINUTE – THE SYSTEM IS BUSY AND MAY SLOW DOWN AND ANYTHING CAN HAPPEN. YOU MAY WANT TO PRINT THIS GUIDE. 1. The final exam is open book, open notes. The maximum time you can spend in the exam is 3 hours, 30 minutes. If you have not clicked the Submit For Grade button by then, you will be automaticallyRead MoreHum 112 Week 8 Assignment 2 – Project Paper1717 Words   |  7 Pagesdesigned to help you stretch your mind and your abilities to be the creative, innovative, and critical thinker you already are! Choose one (1) of the topics from the list of topic choices below. Read the topic carefully. Write a three to four (3-4) page paper (750-1,000 words) that responds to each of the items described in the topic. For the topic you choose: 1. Support your ideas with specific, illustrative examples. 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These three letters mean that you have received a broad-based education. They mean you have passed all parts of a very difficult exam. They mean you have the knowledge, skills and abilities to be a trusted business advisor to your clients or employer. They mean you feel comfortable with the latest technology. They mean you are an ethical individual who can provide an independent analysis. CPA’s are many things. TheyRead MoreSan Francisco State University: Spring 2013 Course Syllabus1597 Words   |  7 Pagescapital gains and losses, deductions associated with a trade or business (including depreciation), and personal deductions such as charitable contributions, interest, taxes, and medical expenses. Married filing jointly, married filing separately, head of a household, surviving spouse, and single filing status are defined and explained. Course Goals: * To provide the student with an in-depth look at U.S. federal income tax law with primary emphasis on income taxation for individuals * ToRead Moresyllabus1129 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Northeastern University TSMG 5340 - Telecommunications Public Policy and Business Management Thursday 6:00PM –9:30PM Forsyth Building Rm 237 Fall 2014 9/4th –12/11th Instructor Dick Lush Email -r.lush@neu.edu or dick.lush@gmail.com , phone -508-695-6034 If Class is cancelled – see announcement Course Material Course Pack at Harvard Business Publishing- https://cb.hbsp.harvard.edu/cbmp/access/2808663 See detailed instructions under Course Material TAB. There are

All Quiet on the Western Front 15 Free Essays

All Quiet on the Western Front â€Å"The first bombs, the first explosion, burst into our hearts. † (Remarque 88) This is what the soldiers felt like in Erich Maria Remarque novel, All Quiet on the Western Front, Paul Baumer, a young man serving in the German army during World War One, is constantly being faced with the horrible and terrifying aspects of war. From seeing, his fellow soldiers lying dead on the battle field, to learning how to survive on the western front of the war. We will write a custom essay sample on All Quiet on the Western Front 15 or any similar topic only for you Order Now With his rifle by his side and his comrade’s right next to him, he knew what his job was to do in the war and that was to serve his country. Although Paul fought for his country in the War, Corrie Ten Boom a member of the Dutch reformed church was faced with the horrific scenes of seeing innocent Jews being put into Concentration Camps. Although, Paul enlisted inWorld War I to help his country and then realized what war really about, Corrie helped her country in World War II in a different way by helping the Jews hide in her house and even surviving a concentration camp herself . Paul Baumer and Corrie Ten Boom both had different influences and experiences before the start of the war. Paul was eager to join the war and wanted to what he could for his country and even Paul’s friend Katczinky said, â€Å"It would not be such a bad war if only one can get a little more sleep†(Remarque 2), this leads up to Paul’s friend volunteering for the war. Paul and his friends Leer, Muller and Kropp all enlisted in the war voluntarily â€Å"All four are nineteen years in age, and all four joined up from the same class as volunteers for the war . In the line we have had next to none, and fourteen days is a long time at one stretch† (Remarque 2). Propaganda also had a major part on influencing Paul Baumers to join the war â€Å"Enforced publicity has in our eyes restored the character of complete innocence to all these things† [war] (Remarque 8). Paul was also being pressured into joining the war by his teacher; a patriotic professor gave the students â€Å"long lectures until the whole of their class went, under his shepherding, to the district commandant and volunteered† (Remarque 11). His teacher always had the dream of transforming high school students into being a strong one’s self and he believed that joining the military was the way to do that and turning the students into strong â€Å"Iron Youth†(Remarque 19). Those who did not join the war would â€Å"have been ostracized †¦. but no one would ever stand out because at the time even one’s parents were ready with the word â€Å"coward†Ã¢â‚¬ (Remarque 11). The young students did not want to be thought of being disobedient to a higher authority because â€Å"the idea of authority†¦. as a greater insight and a more humane wisdom† (Remarque 12) and because of that Paul and the class volunteered their service in the war. Paul also felt like it was his oneself duty to join the war and fight for his country because â€Å"We loved our country† (Remarque 13) and wanted to serve it† [the] duty to ones country is the greatest thing† (Remarque 13) Although, Paul wanted to serve his country on the war front Corrie Ten boom had a different start to World War II. Prior to the Holland’s involvement the country, was still at peace. Corrie Ten Booms family waited anxiously and gathered around the radio, for the Prime Minister of Holland’s announcement about the countries involvement in the war. On May 10th, 1940 at 9:30 P. M. , the announcement came through on the families radio the Prime minister announced there would be no war, and Holland would remain neutral. The voice stopped, and Corrie Ten Boom and her sister looked over at their father and saw a fire they had never seen before. Corries Ten Boom father said, â€Å"It is wrong to give people hope when there is no hope, there will be war. The Germans will attack and we will fall† ( Boom 78) Corrie Ten Boom felt that if father was so skilled at being optimistic, and so slow to believe in evil. Then there would be no other choice but war. Later that night, Corrie Ten Boom, sat right up in her bed because she heard bombs dropping outside her bedroom window and saw the sky turn a red-orange. The start of the war for Corrie Ten Boom is â€Å" The deepest Hell man can create† ( Moore 92) Corrie Ten Boom went to her sisters Tantes room and grabbed herself towards her sister, in the darkness and we threw our arms around each other and together said â€Å"war†. It was only five hours after the Prime Ministers speech. ( Boom 78-80). In the end, Paul Baumer and Corrie Ten Boom both got involved in the war but in a different way. Paul Baumers view on the World War I quickly changed; as he got more involved in the war, and his experience became abominable. The trench conditions that Paul and his comrades were living in got worse â€Å"I fling myself down and when I stand up the wall of the trench is plastered with smoking splinters, lumps of flesh, and bits of uniform† (Remarque 111). Paul’s physical conditions become worse and mentally it became a challenge â€Å"Night again. We are deadened by the strain-a deadly tension that scrapes along one’s spine like a gapped knife. Our legs refuse to move, our hands tremble, our bodies are thin skin stretched painfully†¦we have neither flesh nor muscle and longer† (Remarque 111). As the war continued to go on Paul began to lose feelings for his comrades who he cared so much for in the beginning â€Å"We [soldiers] have lost feeling for one another. We can hardly control ourselves†¦. We are insensible dead men through some dreadful trick are still able to run and kill† (Remarque 116). The soldier’s life now will forever be changed and will now be afraid of life because of what they have seen at war â€Å"I know nothing of life but despair, death, and fear. † (Remarque 263) Towards the end of the war, Paul’s Baumers view on the war had completely changed â€Å"We believe in such things but no longer do we believe in war† (Remarque 88). Although Paul Baumer served, his country on the war front Corrie Ten Boom served her country by saving hundreds of Jews lives. Corrie came from a family who were members of a Dutch reformed Christian church, which protested Nazi persecution of Jews as an injustice to fellow human beings and an affront to divine authority Holocaust encyclopedia. Corrie Ten Boom believed that God will lead her life and â€Å"We will never know how God will answer our prayers, but we can expect that he will get us involved in his plan†¦ (Moore 38). During the war, Corrie Ten Boom became involved in resistance efforts to hide the Jews. Family members would shelter young men sought by the Nazi, forced labor and assisted Jews in contacting persons will to hide them. Corrie Ten Boom decided to get involved with the effort to help hide the Jews in her family home in Haarlem, Netherlands. Corrie Ten Boom was able to hide the Jews by using her job as a watchmaker in her father’s shop as a cover and building contacts with resistance workers. The hiding place was located behind a false wall in her bedroom at the top of the house was an area about two feet wide and eight feet long. The entrance to the hiding place was accessible by crawling through a wooden sliding panel at the back of the linen cupboard that was built into a false wall. When the German police come to Corrie’s Ten booms house on February 28, 1944 they did not find those in hiding, the hiding place had kept its secret however, the Ten Boom family was arrested and taken to the Scheveningan prison. Corrie described her feelings as she was being loaded into the van â€Å"In my heart was a great sense of peace. I had long expected this catastrophe. Now the blow had fallen†¦in my mind I kept telling myself Do not ever feel sorry for yourself† (Moore 102). In September 1944 Corrie was deported to the Ravensbruek concentration camp in Germany until her release in December 1944. After her release in 1944, Corrie traveled to America to tell her fascinating Story. Paul Baumer and Corrie Ten Boom both had some similar and different experience at the end of the war. For example, Paul describes the end of the war as â€Å"The cause of death like cancer and tuberculosis, like influenza and dysentery. The deaths are merely more frequent, more varied, and terrible† (Remarque 271). Paul Baulmer describes war as something were you see more death then you see survive. He admits that all war does is casue death, it’s like a sickness. Paul Baumers life will forever be changed. Corrie Ten Boom believed war was â€Å"The deepest Hell that Man Can Crete† (Moore 92) Both Paul Baumer and Corrie Ten Boom thought that war was a terrible and frightening event to go through. By the end of the novel Paul had become peaceful with himself â€Å"He [Paul] had fallen forward and lay on the earth as though sleeping†¦. is face had an expression of calm, as though almost glad the end had come† (Remarque 296). Corrie Ten Boom however, has to live on to tell her story about hiding the Jews and her survival in the concentration camps. She received an award for recognition from the Yad Vashem Remembrance Authority as one of the righteous among nations for her resistance in Na zi persecution and helping others hide from the Gestapo and risking her own life. â€Å"The tragedy of war is that it uses man’s best to do man’s worst† Henry Fosdick. When is war justified? The justification of war is when the country gains something from the war. War is still a horrific and terrible thing, and the country is killing thousands and millions of innocent civilian’s lives to save others. War can have a permanent scar on a soldier’s life and can change their lives forever. Going through the physical and mental pain of war just is not worth it. How can a country continue to go into war when there’s moms and dads loosing a husband or wife, daughters and sons losing a mom or dad. A soldier having the dream to, see their son or daughter grow up but not being able to because he or she shed his blood for his country. Bibliography Boom, Corrie Ten . The Hiding Place. N. p. : n. p. , n. d. 78-80. Print. â€Å"corrie ten boom. † ushmm. holocaust encyclopedia, 4 May 2009. Web. 10 Feb. 2010. . Moore, Pam Rosewell. Life Lessons from Corrie Ten Boom. Grand rapids: Chosen, n. d. Print. Remarque, Erich Maria. All quiet on the western front. New york: The random house publishing group, 1929. Print quotationsimg src="http://cdncache-a.akamaihd.net/items/it/img/arrow-10x10.png" / about war. † quotations about war. N. p. , 9 Nov. 2009. Web. 14 Mar. 2010. . How to cite All Quiet on the Western Front 15, Papers

Multiculturalism and Pluralism in Secular Society

Question: Discuss about the Multiculturalism and Pluralism in Secular Society. Answer: Democratic republic signifies a country that is both a democracy and a republic. In simple words, it means a country wherein the powers and authority of the government is obtained from the citizens of the country itself, and wherein the government itself is functioned through the elected executives. Countries that signify themselves as a democratic republic suggest that their people have a government that is answerable to all of them. Furthermore, it also means that every people (adult) in such a country possess a right to vote in the elections irrespective of any creed, caste, sex, wealth, religion, etc. In addition, a democratic republic country has unrestricted access to media such as internet, newspapers, magazines, other political and civil rights, and a responsible government as a whole (Roald, 2009). In the current scenario, a democracy is representative as always and not direct. In other words, people in a democratic republic country choose their executives to operate the gov ernment and transfer laws for them, instead of voting directly on the laws. The system of checks and balances is considered an integral part of the Constitution. With such a system, each of the three limbs of the government- executive, legislative, and judiciary can restrict the powers of the others, thereby facilitating in guaranteeing checks and balances betwixt these. It is notable that the Constitution has allotted limited powers to these branches so that one cannot become stronger than the other can, and efficiency of work is established. The procedure of law formation is a good example of how the Constitution guarantees checks and balances at work. Firstly, the legislative branch initiates and votes on a particular bill that is forwarded to the executive branch wherein the President possesses the power to decide whether the specific bill is beneficial for the country or not. If he or she is satisfied upon the bills effectiveness, then it is signed and hence becomes a law (Pauline, 2010). If the President is unsure of the bills effectiveness, then it is not signed, and hence referable as a veto. In contrast to this, the legislative branch can gain a further chance and it can surpass the decision of the President, only after getting the maximum number of votes in favor. Hence, the bill can become a law by both executive and legislative branches. Furthermore, once such a law is established, the judiciary branch takes control wherein the people can examine the law via the court system. If the people oppose such a law, th ey can file lawsuit, and the judicial lawyers can present arguments for and against the matter. However, the judge decides the ultimate outcome and the losing party can further appeal to a higher authority. Nevertheless, if the legislative branch does not align with the decision of the judicial branch, a new legislation can be presented, thereby starting the procedure once again. Proposition 209 is even termed as the California Civil Rights InitiativeorCCRI. It is a California ballot proposition that upon the approval in the year 1996 altered the constitution to discard state government institutions from consideration of race, sex or ethnicity majorly concerning the area of public employment, contracting and education of people. The main issue cropped up in 1996 when the U.S District Judge put a restriction on the enforcement of the proposition. The ruling was overturned by three judge panel. Moreover, Proposition 209 has been the chief cause of innumerable lawsuit in the state court since the proposition has been the cause of legal scrutiny over the years (UCLA, 2016). Multiculturalism and pluralism make beneficial ways for the existence of various cultures in a particular society and because of globalization; this has enhanced cultural diversity in various workplaces. For instance, low cost and ease of travel has facilitated in developing cultural diversity in the society (Roald, 2009). The American legislative Exchange Council (ALEC) serves as a voice for special interests in America (state legislatures). The lawyers, lobbyists, corporate personnel, together with the member legislators of the ALEC prepare lobby for and safeguards passage of a broad formation of various bills to encourage corporate interests. Those who suffered reverse discrimination for them the meaning of dissent implies strong disagreement from a particular subject. It means holding an opinion that varies in comparison to the official nature of the definition. Hence, a wide difference is observed. People pursuing elite interests get greater influence on the public policies in comparison to people with minority interests. Furthermore, wherein citizens attained their desired policy result, it was because of the influence of elites instead of minorities. Whilst distributive justice signifies equal distribution of harm and gain, compensatory justice is altogether different from this. In relation to underprivileged groups, this justice suggests consideration from an ethical viewpoint whether they truly deserve this influence and whether they are to be compensated (Roald, 2009). Color-blind society means the group of people who disregards racial attributes while selecting which persons will indulge in an activity or attain some kind of service. In simple words, this society posits the best procedure to terminate discrimination by treating them as equally as possible. There are various type of audits like the financial audit, operational audit, follow up audit, integrated audit, etc. Financial audit it is historical in nature have an independent assessment done with an aim of adhering to the fairness, accuracy and reliable nature of the financial data. Operational Audit this audit is based on future prediction and hence, an independent assessment of the organizational activities can be visualized. Here, there is a possibility of using the financial data but the main sources of evidence include policies of operations and other landmarks that is linked to the objectives of the organization (Drury, 2011). Integrated audit it is a merge of an operational audit, review of the department and the integrated system. Such an assessment provides for a well defined evaluation of the main operation within the university. Follow up Audit This audit takes place after a span of six months and happens after the report of internal or external audit has been issued. It is formulated to ascertain important action that has been taken on the issues reported in the main report. The traditional method of accounting in the public sector pertains to the allocation of manufacturing overhead costs to the manufacture of the product. The traditional method is termed as the conventional method that assign or allocate the indirect cost of the factory to the items that are manufactured on the volume basis like the production of units, direct labor hours, etc (Drury, 2011). By utilizing the machine hours to allocate the overhead of manufacturing to products it implies that the machine hours are the main factor for the factory overhead. In an orthodox manner, this practice is well suited for the public sector and is followed for a very long time. A budget game is a game designed to cover areas such as monthly budget, evaluation of financial plans, etc. the main objective is to create a path that stress on various activities and monitoring becomes easy. Budget game helps in knowing the areas that needs proper attention. This game helps in proper planning and can be followed by organization to fulfill its objectives. Budget theory can be defined as a way to measure and transform plans that is meant for the utilization of physical resources into financial values. It is the main act of adding together the quantities that combines into a well defined economic environment. The economic value is defined in terms of monetary value. Budgeting practice helps in the finance function as it bridges the gap between the planning and control process of the management (Horngren, 2011). The practice of budgeting is closely linked to planning. It projects the expression in financial ways that pertains to an organization and helps in fulfillment of objectives. The primary aim of budgeting is to plan and forecast that will enable the organization in meeting the objectives. The two important objectives of budgeting are: Planning Planning is the sole aim of budgeting and managers are needed to provide a detailed plan so that long term plans can be fulfilled and strategic plans formulated. The annual process of budgeting influences managers to strive for operations that pertains to future, filter the strategic plans that are existing in nature and consider mechanism of how to plan for future scenarios (Drury, 2011). This enables the managers to forecast the problem and helps in fruitful decision making. Coordination The main aim of budgeting is to facilitate and provide a balanced action that pertains to different parts of the organization. It helps the managers to scrutinize the link between the various parts of the organization. Moreover, it aids in decision making and eliminating conflicts (Drury, 2011). It helps the managers in making a prompt decision that goes in favor of the organization. References Drury, C. (2011).Cost and management accounting. Andover, Hampshire, UK: South-Western Cengage Learning. Horngren, C. (2011). Cost accounting. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Pearson Australia. Pauline, M.(2010).Ratification: The People Debate the Constitution. New York: Simon Schuste Roald, A.S. (2009). Multiculturalism and Pluralism in Secular Society: Individual or Collective Rights?. Retrieved November 4, 2016 from https://dspace.mah.se/bitstream/handle/2043/12626/multiculturalism_roald.pdf?sequence=2 UCLA. (2016). The Impact of Proposition 209 and our Duty to our students. Retrieved November 4, 2016 from https://chancellor.ucla.edu/updates/the-impact-of-proposition-209-and-our-duty-to-our-students

Zap and Electric Vehicle free essay sample

The competition to develop and market electric vehicles has increased during the last year and is expected to continue to increase. The electric bicycle industry has four major manufacturers and a large group of small companies. The major manufacturers are Honda, Suzuki, Sanyo and Yamaha. They mainly sell products to Japan and Europe. The other group of manufacturers is much smaller in size and sales volume. These manufacturers have products they sell into the U. S. , European and Asian markets.Porters five-forces model is a powerful tool for systematically diagnosing the principal competitive pressures in a market and assessing how strong and important each one is. The electric vehicle industry is a definite for applying this technique. These are my observations about the five forces affecting the EV industry: †¢ The rivalry among competing sellers in the EV industry is .. Zap Case Study Summary: Provides a case study of the Zap and the Electric Vehicle Industry. We will write a custom essay sample on Zap and Electric Vehicle or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Describes how competition to develop and market electric vehicles has increased during the last year and is expected to continue to increase.Provides marketing suggestions. 1. The competition to develop and market electric vehicles has increased during the last year and is expected to continue to increase. The electric bicycle industry has four major manufacturers and a large group of small companies. The major manufacturers are Honda, Suzuki, Sanyo and Yamaha. They mainly sell products to Japan and Europe. The other group of manufacturers is much smaller in size and sales volume. These manufacturers have products they sell into the U. S. , European and Asian markets. Porters five-forces model is a powerful tool for systematically diagnosing the principal competitive pressures in a market and assessing how strong and important each one is. The electric vehicle industry is a definite for applying this technique. These are my observations about the five forces affecting the EV industry: †¢ The rivalry among competing sellers in the EV industry is high, with new businesses popping up every year. †¢ The barriers to entry for new competitors at this time is low, which is why rivalry is becoming stronger among companies with new companies forming left and right. The threat of substitute products is also high because new technology combined with new and innovative companies has created many product options in the EV industry. †¢ The bargaining power of suppliers is the EV industry is low because so many companies exist that create the parts EV markers are looking for. This gives companies more options at finding the cheapest prices fo r the parts they need. †¢ Finally, the bargaining power of customers is high, because there are so many companies out there offering electric vehicles.This allows consumers to pick and choose whom they want to deal with, thus lowering the bargaining power of the business itself. The major factors causing the EV industrys competitive structure to change is product innovation and regulatory influences. With product innovation, the key to success is capturing the imagination of the customers. Also, with the rising energy costs facing the world today, governments might require permits or licenses on the EV industry thus dampening the attractiveness of the market.Before the energy problem, recharging an EV was cost-efficient, but with this rise in energy prices, a potential alteration of consumer perception about the cost of owning an EV might occur. In my opinion, these driving forces only dampen the industry thus allowing only early-movers to be the most likely to survive the competition of this industr y. Is the industry attraction? Basing my decision on Porters five-forces model, I would have to say that the EV industry in unattractive. This is because anyone can enter into the industry thus creating too much competition which will drive prices down.This driving of prices downward will cause new entrants into the business to see no real profit growth. Also, new products being created keeps giving consumers new ideas to buy. This also makes it harder for businesses in the EV industry to find ways to make buyers choose their business. Also, suppliers have strong bargaining power so industries have a difficult time trying to shop around for the best prices on the parts they need. However, Zap was an early mover and is a current market leader in the industry and with a good strategy can have a profitable future that new entries find they cant get. Because Zap was an early mover into the EV industry, they have positioned themselves very high in the marketplace. This is a result of several acquisitions made including a major acquisition of EV Systems, CA. They also acquired several patents which helped keep other companies from copying their designs and what they put into their designs. They also conducted most of their business overseas which helped to save Zap money, which allowed them to focus on their distribution methods. Also, they are environmental friendly which allows consumers to look at them when deciding between electric and gas powered vehicles.Their present strategy is to develop, acquire and commercialize electric vehicles and electric vehicle propulsion systems that have fundamental, practical and environmental advantages over available internal combustion modes of transportation, while also having the ability to be produced commercially on an economically competitive basis. Also, they have positioned themselves as the premier EV provider, have strong focus on aggressive sales activity and a strong emphasis on product RD. 5. Sizing up a firms resource strengths and weaknesses and its external opportunities and threats, is commonly known as a SWOT analysis.After reading the Zap analysis, I have determined these strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats: Strengths †¢ Important Patents Through internal development and acquisition, Zap had procured 14 patents associated with EV design implementation. †¢ Strong Global Distribution Increasing demand coupled with increasing competition prompted Starr to shift production of high-volume products to Taiwan (the leading country in sales of electric bikes) to trim costs and to allow the company to focus its efforts on improving distribution. †¢ Joint Ventures Zap formed a joint venture agreement with Nongbo Topp Industrial Company Ltd.Of China to manufacture and distribute EVs in China. †¢ Strong Advertising Twelve electric bikes were used at the 2000 Olympics for regular patrols of the Olympic villages. Also, Actor Kevin Spacey drove a Zap scooter when appearing on the Tonight Show with David Letterman. Also, Zap scooters had found their way into four big screen movie productions in the summer of 2001. Weaknesses †¢ Higher overall unit costs relative to key competitors are a big problem facing Zap. †¢ Sub-par profitability †¢ Zap is short on financial resources to fund promising strategic initiatives.Opportunities †¢ Serving additional customer groups or expanding into new geographic markets or product segments. †¢ Acquisition of rival firms or companies with attractive technological expertise. (Zap purchased Electric Motorbike Inc. , a firm that developed electric scooters, motorbikes and motorcycles. ) †¢ Expanding the companys product line to meet a broader range of customer needs. (In May 2000 Starr introduced a new generation of non-powered scooter called The Kick, that used inline skate technology. Threats †¢ Likely entry of potent new competitors. Zap stayed busy with litigations protecting them from patent infringement by other copycat products. ) †¢ Slowdowns in market growth. (A shift in buyer needs and tastes away from the industrys product. There is a growing concern that the boost in sales of electronic scooters may just be a fad. ) †¢ Vulnerability to industry driving forces. (Advances in battery technology area driving force in the rise in interest and investment in the short-range EV market. Rapidly rising gasoline prices and an electric power crisis in California during 2000 has contributed to the growing concern about the external environment of EVs. Given the four lists above, I am able to draw the following conclusion about Zaps overall attractiveness. Zap has what appears to be a winning and competitively powerful strategy with a broader product line than most rivals. The companys early presence in the industry gives it important first-mover advantages and a competitive advantage over most other rivals. After reviewing case exhibits 2 and 3, I have determined that their operating expenses are too high. Zaps profit margins have increased over the last five year period from 22. 3% in 1997 to 36. % in 2000. However, they were still unable to cover their operating expenses that increased over the same period, resulting in losses from operations. Also, Zap was unable to provide a return on investments for its shareholders, which can have an impact on future investment opportunities. Zaps current ratios over the last five years have increased with a ratio of 5. 15 in 2000. This shows that Zap has been able to pay off its current debt when due without having to sell off its inventory. Finally, Zap has recorded a net loss for 6 consecutive years.Since it is an emerging industry, it is expected that Zap would incur losses until the industry is consolidated and they are able to achieve greater market penetration. Overall, Zap is on track for most emerging businesses, and because it was an early-mover, will have to the advantage to grow into a profitable company. After reviewing case exhibits 12-17, I have come up with the following five year sales forecast with minimum, maximum and expected sales with regards to their global penetration and the sales of just electric bicycles and scooters. (Note: estimates are in the millions. Year 1Year 2Year 3Year 4Year 5 Scooters215. 0 minimum 0 maximum 58 expected226. 0 minimum 75 maximum 0 expected236. 0 minimum 0 maximum 7 expected241. 0 minimum 7 maximum 0 expected249. 0 minimum 0 maximum 75 expected Bicycles260. 0 minimum 7 maximum 0 expected269. 0 minimum 0 maximum 5 expected280. 0 minimum 0 maximum 7 expected290. 0 minimum 0 maximum 73 expected295. 0 minimum 5 maximum 7 expected The increasing population of China and the rapid increasing in the sale of EVs in this market will help Zap to continue its market growth over the next five years with increase in sales and distribution.This trend might also take effect with the growing users of EVs in European markets as well. This trend might not affect U. S. markets because of our cultures need for gas powered vehicles. 8. The first challenge the company faces is trying to sell as many electric bikes as they do electric scooters. At the same time that Zap was transferring its manufacturing overseas, it was also trying to reposition itself as an overall provider of premier EV products with a primary focus on aggressive sales activity. However, in trying to accomplish both these tasks at the same time, Zaps market for electric bikes took a big dive.In 2000, scooter sales were leading bike sales by a ratio of 7 to 1. Zap cannot call itself the overall provider of premier EV products with its electric bikes sales plummeting significantly. The next challenge facing the company is creating a forecast of the demand for electric bikes. Since Zap is lagging in its electric bike sales, they are in desperation to create a forecast for demand in order to have a numeric goal. Finally, the company wants to alter its current generic strategy for obtaining a significant position in an industry still in its infancy.In order to accomplish this, Zap should be asking themselves; what is the best way to become the overall provider of premier EV products 9. The first problem was trying to accomplish two major ventures (one international venture and one market penetration venture) at the same time, thus causing electric bike sales to plummet. One alternative to this situation is to allow Hutchins, Rocklemwitz and Cronk (international gurus) to head the Taiwanese production venture and allow others who are strong in marketing to focus on ensuring that Zap becomes the overall provider of premier EV products. A second alternative would b e to focus first on transferring manufacturing to Taiwan then work on becoming the overall provider of premier EV products. The second issue was forecasting. One alternative is to center the forecast around similar recreational products. It is always good to benchmark your products; however, companies must be careful to benchmark according to product lines and not companies as a whole. Another alternative to this could also be to focus on market demographics and environmental variables.Warning: Environmental variables, depending on location, may differ drastically. Finally, an alternative for their generic strategy should be a market penetration strategy, which could help create a higher volume of sales at lower prices. Lowering the prices of their products could help increase their demand and limit future opportunities for lower-priced competitors that were already driving down the average selling prices of EVs. Another alternative to this could also be a skimming strategy, by estricting demand by maintaining a high price, which could create better results. Higher prices may provide higher profit margins and allow Zaps products to maintain a position of superiority in the EV industry. My final recommendations as far as forecasting would be to utilize both benchmarking and market demographics. When weighing the pros and cons, I find it strange for a company to use one forecasting tool without the other. Benchmarking will help Zap better understand the strategies of competitors.Then they can take the information gathered here and use it in trying to study market demographics for their own industry. Also, I would recommend Zap use the skimming strategy. They dont want to make mistakes that might jeopardize their current superiority. If they were to go with a market penetration strategy, they would be sacrificing quality products to help gain market entry at lower prices, but they dont want their profits to suffer because consumers sense a lack of quality.

Concept of Humanity Essay Example

Concept of Humanity Essay Example Concept of Humanity Paper Concept of Humanity Paper The theories proposed by various psychologists are seen in the light of their concept of humanity. If I were to propose a theory, it would be characterized by my concept of humanity as one with free choice, optimism, driven by expectations of the future (Teleology), conscious thought, social relationships environment and the uniqueness of each human being. 1. Determinism vs Free Choice My view on the nature of human nature would fall on free choice. There are Indeed forces beyond our control but we how we behave, react or respond to these forces are purely out of our own choice. We have total control over ourselves to choose to do what we think is the right action at any given situation. This is why we were given the faculty of reasoning and free will that we may not feel as if we are mere victims of fate but are actually proactive beings capable of choosing what they think is right for them. 2. Pessimism vs Optimism People can change and grow into psychologically healthy, happy, fully functional human beings (Feisty, 2006). This comes with the fact that I believe in free choice. We are not mere victims of fate. We are human beings who are capable of changing to e able to adapt to any given situation which then gives way for us to become psychologically healthy and fully functional at any given situation or environment. Again, we are beings who take action. 3. Causality vs Teleology Our past experiences do hold a lot of lessons but I think that people behave the way they do because of what their present actions consequences may bring In the future They get something from the past, yes. But their behaviors are mainly driven by certain expectations of what may happen In the future. 4. Conscious vs Unconscious People are generally driven by their conscious thoughts. We are fully aware of what we are doing and why we are doing it. I believe that this is a characteristic of a human being: we are capable of rational thought. This is what separates us from animals because we do not act based solely on satisfying drives. We also put into perspective what is right and wrong when it comes to satisfying drives. Personalities are shaped by social relationships and environment than Just being mere creatures of biology. As how I would always answer the nature vs Nurture this way, Nature could only do so much. Nurture, however, may improve on what limits nature has set. We have seen this through a lot of experiments done through the years, where one may have thought that a child has limited brain power but given a rich and stimulating environment, changes may be seen with this child. . Uniqueness vs Similarities The study of personality should concentrate on traits that make people different. We often try hard to categorize one personality as this and that and forget to account for the individual differences of each human being. Though it might help that we sort them out through their similarities first and then work our way to understanding or accounting for the differences in these said traits.

What were the rights and responsibilities of a citizen in the early Essay

What were the rights and responsibilities of a citizen in the early Greek polisHow did the idea of citizenship arise - Essay Example The citizens consisted of tribes which were further divided into phratries and gentes. Foreigners and slaves were considered to be outside the scope of citizenship. Descent was the criteria which determined the citizenship of individuals (Grant 56, 1990). The citizens were divided into three types. The first types of citizens were those with political rights. The second of type of citizens was those without any political rights. The third type consisted of foreigners and slaves who were not considered as citizens. Ancient Greece made many strides in the creation of organized and centralized nation. It was initially composed of warring states which fought against each other. These city states lacked any central administration or government. Athens would give birth to the concept of political participation and democracy. Solon was the first aristocrat who gave a comprehensive set of political rules and regulations. These reforms gave power and responsibility to moderately well off non aristocrats. It also protected the citizens from much of the repressive measures of governments. By 508 BC, an exile named Cleisthenes was instrumental in removing the Athenian tyrant Hippias from power. He offered a package of reforms to the Athenian citizens which would give them political power and representation in the government (Starr 91, 1986). The Archaic Greek period divided society on the basis of three economic groups. The aristocrats acquired power which was inherited from their fathers. They made significant profits by ruthlessly exploiting the poor farmers (Starr 100, 1977). The poor people represented the bottom of the three groups. They could be indebted or reduced as slaves by the powerful elite. A middle class was also present which had the largest degree of social and economic differences. Some of them had acquired prosperity while others were barely above the lower classes. The lower class had little

Compare and Contrast the customs of Mexican Americans and Puerto Term Paper

Compare and Contrast the customs of Mexican Americans and Puerto Ricans - Term Paper Example There are as many Puerto Ricans living in the United States than those living in the small island that has a population of four million (CountryWatch, 2011). Puerto Rico became property of the United States back in 1898 after the United States won the Spaniard-American war. A common trait between both ethnicities is that they are typically bilingual (English / Spanish). The Spanish spoken by Puerto Ricans is a bit different than the Spanish spoken by Mexican Americans in terms of words and accent. The parents of Puerto Ricans and Mexican Americans teach their kids Spanish at home and Spanish is often spoken in their households. Both races are sports fanatics. In boxing there is a big rivalry between Mexicans and Puerto Ricans. The Oscar De la Hoya vs. Tito Trinidad bout at the time was the biggest revenue generating non heavyweight pay per view bout in the history of boxing. Oscar De La Hoya is the most successful Mexican American fighter in the history of boxing. Baseball is the national pastime of Puerto Ricans, while many Mexican Americans prefer to play soccer. The tourism and travel tendencies of the two groups are different as Puerto Ricans often travel back and forth from the mainland US to the island of Puerto Rico. Sometimes Mexican Americans due to immigration issues of their parents do not travel as much back and forth. When they travel Puerto Ricans do not have to worry about foreign exchange considerations since Puerto Rico shares the same currency with the United States. Both ethnic groups believe a lot in the value of being a good host to their guests. Offering food and drinks to guests is a mutual custom of both groups of Latinos. The traditional foods of each Latino group are very different. Mexican Americans often eat a diet associated with floor tortillas, corn, refried beans, and rice, and chilies, spices, vegetables, beef, and cheese (CultureGrams, 2011). In Puerto Rico the most common meal is

Information Security Issues Associated with Internet Connectivity Essay

Information Security Issues Associated with Internet Connectivity - Essay Example The report presents some recommendations such as apply some policy, training their employers and employing softwares for security checks. With the advanced technology that we have right now, security issue has become an essential problem for any organization, which uses the Internet, around the world. As stated by Charles and Shari (23, 2002), the security of an organization is important to protect it from any criminal damage. The software vulnerabilities and social engineering in an organization system that cyber-criminals target is the most important issue in security measures. The aim of this research is to investigate how to protect an organization that uses Internet connection from being targeted because of the vulnerability of their system. This report will discuss general issues related to Internet connectivity, software vulnerabilities, social engineering and specific vulnerability which is Cross Site Scripting (XSS). It will also provide a discussion and recommendation that will help organizations against hackers and other criminal activities directed in breaching their security. Hacking a system or a database is the largest threat to network security for most organizations. IP addresses can easily be obtained through search engines like Google and Yahoo. As a result, the Internet gives easy access to an organization’s system or database for millions of unknown users in the world. And because the users are unknown, it creates additional challenges to the security departments. In addition to the countless unknown users, the links of different systems and database between organizations through the use of the World Wide Web makes it easier for one to access the linked systems. Moreover, the linked access introduces a considerably magnified potential for virus spread. The vulnerability of the system is the primary weakness of an

Macbeth- Character Connection Essay Example for Free

Macbeth- Character Connection Essay William Shakespere:MacBeth- Character Connection (feelings) The feeling toward Macbeth and reaction to the end of the play differ amongst readers. Although everyone perceives the horrifying tone that ends the play, the feeling of sympathy for Macbeth is also present. Sympathy might be expressed toward Macbeth because of the fact that something or someone else caused the beginning of his downfall. The witches and Lady Macbeth are to blame for this. Relating to Macbeths character and understanding how he feels and acts is a crucial aspect in understanding the play fully. Shakespeares method of letting the readers react and connect to Macbeths character is one of the many concepts that makes Shakespeare such a great author, and makes Macbeth such a remarkable play. Macbeths complete self-destruction originated with his encounter with the witches. In the beginning of the play, he is a soldier with good intentions and no aspiration for harm. At this point, Macbeth has not yet been influenced by the witches and the ambition they provoked. As soon as he meets the witches his demise begins. Being truly interested in the witches predictions, Macbeth quickly rises in power and begins to neglect his conscience. The witches seem to have total control over his mind and his behavior. They trigger Macbeths destructive actions, which ultimately become his habit to kill. Macbeths wrongdoing did not originate in his mind and soul, but rather resulted from him being a victim of circumstance and misfortune, and therefore, he deserves sympathy. Lady Macbeths aggressive and ambitious nature is another key influence on Macbeths behavior. Lady Macbeth challenges her husbands manhood by taunting him and forcing him to kill Duncan. Since he fulfilled her order, he started losing his integrity and relying less on his conscience. It is easier to have sympathy for a person who is not entirely to blame for his actions. In Macbeths case, his wife was at least partly responsible for his demise. As a reader of Macbeth, I can indirectly relate to Macbeths character. I recognize that it is possible to be influenced by someone into acting immoral. Under the affect of peer pressure, for instance, a person can act irresponsibly causing harm. Although we cannot justify the wrongdoing of a person, we feel sympathy for him or her, realizing that their decisions were not created solely by their mind, but rather resulted from other multiple factors. Macbeth is at the mercy of the witches and Lady Macbeth and therefore not entirely responsible for all his actions. Despite his wrongful actions, Macbeth does not exemplify pure evil. Thus, sympathy toward him is not uncommon. His being weak and imperfect gives us the ability to relate to him as a human being. -a1b2c3ff

Alan Bennetts Talking Heads Essay -- Alan Bennett Talking Heads Essay

Alan Bennett's "Talking Heads" "Talking heads" by Alan Bennett is a collection of monologues in which the audience are showed into the life of a character and given an insight into the character's personality and situation.peoples lives are portrayed in comic ways leaving the audience feeling sympathy and guilt for the character in laughing at their misfortune. Monologues are a long speech made by one person. This style of script is really effective and has a powerful effect on the audience. These monologues were written for television broadcasting, programmes presented in this way are put under the genre of tragi-comedy. This style of script has a dramatic effect upon the audience because from one statement , several emotions arise, for example Irene writing to someone informing them that their wife is a prostitute it is comic that she would care to write a letter about something that does not concern her of this sort of information but in another way it displays pathos because she is has enough time to spare to have such an interest in finding out information such as this. The talking heads monologues often give an exaggerated story largely influenced by the environment and era in which the characters live in. For example Doris' jaded views of nursing homes which are perhaps stereotypically nursing homes from the era in which she brought up in. This cynical view also emphasises the lack of respect in the ironic way that an elderly person has been influenced by negative views of the older generation. Within this essay I am going to analyse the talking heads scripts and bring about my point of views as well as also using my background knowledge on the era and several other topics which seem to o... ...eotype people which displays irony as they fit into 3 groups of people which are well known to be stereotyped: porn stars, o.a.p's and interfering busy-bodies. "When I saw his vest it had electrician written all over it." Lesley says on meeting a man with a tattoo. I think these stereotypical associations are made due to their ignorance towards different cultures, classes and race. As a conclusion to this essay I feel that Alan Bennett has created these monologues effectively through the use of pathos which is present through all the monologues. He enforces feeling brought about by the pathos with metaphors as well as clichà © phrases.The television episodes are simple but effective in setting an atmosphere appropriate to the monologue. He brings the characters to a level which we can all relate to in some way which makes the impact of tragedy far deeper.

Of Mice and Men: How does the author show sympathy for Curley’s wife Essay

On the ranch there is a well known woman merely referred to as ‘Curley’s Wife’. As the characters develop we find that she is not in fact the unimportant, nameless character we first perceive her as, but rather she is a relatively complex one, with much more to her than we first gather, causing us to feel sympathy for her later in the novel. In this essay I will state how John Steinbeck influenced the reader to feel sympathy for Curley’s wife, especially after making the reader prejudice towards her. Steinbeck creates sympathy for Curley’s wife in numerous ways, one being her name. The fact that she never has a name outside of the reference to her husband clearly shows the reader that her identity is surrendered to a heartless husband. Evidence of this is when she admits that her husband ‘aint a nice man’ and that she never truly wanted to marry him. This leaves the reader with a impression of a unhappy, isolated woman to the extent that there is sympathy regardless of her outrageous behavior towards Crooks. Alternatively, the lack of a name for this woman could could suggest she is insignificant and not as important of a character as George, Lennie or any of the other men on the ranch. It could also be referring to how during the Great Depression, women were oppressed and treated less equally. Steinbeck may have portrayed Curley’s wife in this light to allow the reader to recognize the inferior role of women at that time. The lack of name relegates Cur ley’s wife to an insignificant status like a lot of women in a 1930s society. Steinbeck enables the reader to see Curley’s Wife through migrant worker Candy’s eyes on their first encounter her, as in his dialogue he refers to her as a ‘tart’. Through his words, we develop an initial perception of Curley’s Wife as as a bit of a ‘floozie’. Furthermore, Candy effectively accuses her of acting disloyal to her newly married husband Curley by saying, ‘she got the eye’ for other men. The word ‘tart’ suggests she presents herself in an ostentatious manner. Before even being introduced to the woman, the reader is convinced she’s to blame for anything that goes wrong in Solidad. Her physical appearance of ‘†¦full, rouged lips†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢, as  well as ‘fingernail painted red’ and elaborate hair, emphasize our preconceptions of her. I believe her attire is very significant to how we perceive her. She is said to be ‘heavily made up’ in primary colours (making her almost impossible to ignore or dismiss). This could be interpreted as her silent cry out for attention due to her being so isolated and lonely, after all there are no other woman on the ranch. Her appearance is portrayed as one of an actress or someone who has means of great luxury, this is why she is so incongruous on the ranch as she is not your typical housewife.. Her mien could also be construed as though she believes she is above any other woman who lives on a ranch, indicating she wants escape from her current lifestyle as her attire is suited for anything but her own. The description of her face being, ‘heavily made up’ could also propose the idea that she is insecure with her natural complexion. In other words, her face is a mask – it’s fake and not the real her. This makes a big connection of her ambitions of being an actress, a person that is constantly pretending to be someone they’re not. All of this contributes to the reader sympathising with her as she is so hopelessly insecure. On the other hand, Curley’s Wife’s appearance could be seen as naivety, and simply desire to be appreciated/noticed. Steinbeck may have portrayed Curley’s Wife with’ wide eyes’ to illustrate her as gullible or even that she is searching for something – which I believe was to be appreciated. If the text is analysed thoroughly, Steinbeck leaves subtle traces of evidence to help the reader understand her behaviour and fashionistic choices. ‘He says he was gonna put me in the movies’ is evidence of the ‘dream life’ Curley’s wife believed she was destined to have as she details twice ‘ I coulda been in movies†¦ I coulda sat in big hotels’ had her chance not have been stolen. This theme of lost opportunity or shattered dreams is often repeated throughout the story. The delusional mindset that leads to her cruel nature is the theme that makes the reader sympathetic to her. Red is a primary colour therefore people are attracted to it hence why Curley’s Wife wearing a lot of red may symbolise she desperately wants the  spotlight (attention) – much like many film stars. The description of ‘full rouged lips’ could be evidence of her attempt to be appreciated by the ranch workers; by drawing their attention to her lips it forces them to listen to what she has to say. Furthermore, another connotation of the colour is danger. A reason for Steinbeck portraying her as an associate of this colour may have been the foreshadowing of the blood that was to be shed. Finally, it is also a reminder of the girl in Weed who had a ‘red velvet’ dress that Lennie grabbed which caused him and George to go on the run, which we also know happens at the end of this novel. I believe Steinbeck structures Curley’s Wife’s character very intelligently as this subtle foreshadow indirectly makes a connection of the beginning and ending of the novel, also relating to her ambitions of being a movie star by the emphasis of a red ‘velvet’ dress. This indistinct description is often unnoticed causing the ‘reality vs: fantasy’ connection to be dismissed between Curley’s wife wearing a ‘cotton’ dress which immediately makes her no more than a housewife, however much she tries. Also on Curley’s Wife’s first appearance, the reader is made apparent of her alleged promiscuity as, ‘she put her hands behind her back and leaned against the door frame so that her body was thrown forward’, This suggestive and provocative body language justifies Candy’s statement of her and is hard evidence to the reader that she in fact a tart. However, we know this is not true. Curley’s wife shows similar traits to Crooks by standing in the door frame as he is isolated from it too. This causes the reader to feel sympathetic for her as she is secluded for being conceived as something she actually isn’t. Through no fault of her own, the men do not want to associate with her due them believing she is ‘jailbate’ ‘and a ‘rattrap’. This infers that the men are scared of her, something that frustrates her because she can’t comprehend why the men’s attitudes to her are so negative. The ‘rattrap’ could also be a forewarning of her escape to freedom which was only achievable by death. This is because once the rat trap’ (ie her) had been set off, it could no longer be used again, so effectively she committed suicide. I think that Curley’s wife and a rat are arguably similar as they are both hated by their relative society for being who / what they are, which is completely unfair. Also, rats are relatively small animals, this  could link to Curley’s wife as she feels and is perceived as dramatically insignificant on the Boss’ ranch. Curleys’ wife both talks and acts playfully and flirtatiously in front of the other workers. In my opinion she behaves in this manner because her sex is her only weapon to gain attention. Steinbeck could have been trying to make a point of her actions being relative to the era she lived in. I believe he deliberately portrayed her in this light with the intentions of making the reader feel sympathetic towards her in later chapters, but also to make the reader feel apologetic and penitent for labeling and being prejudice towards her. On one of her ‘looking for Curley’ routines she says, ‘They left all the weak ones here’ alluding to the three men, all ‘weak’ in their respective ways. However there is irony in this comment because she is seen as unworthy of a name thus why the reader can conclude that she’s unimportant. It is also ironic because she was left behind by all the men too, ‘Even Curley’. This causes the reader to feel sympathy for her as she is aware that she is just as marginalized as the ‘weak’ men. Evidence of this is when she rhetorically questions them. Here, the author is not only trying to show that Curley is a major obstacle in her having a proper conversation but Steinbeck is also emphasizing the fragmented relationship the couple have.The lonely and hostile side of the woman is revealed when she admits to feeling a shameless dissatisfaction with her life which inevitably causes the reader to feel remorse for her. Curley’s wife is again shown to be dislikeable by expressing bitterness when reffering to the men as ‘bindle stiffs- a nigger an’ a dum dum† The author presents her intense anger by stating â€Å"breathless with indignation† which explains her frustration. Finally, Steineck creates sympathy for Curley’s wife in the way that he portrayed her death as her true vulnerability is unmasked. ‘Ever’one knowed you’d mess things up.’ were the words from Candy when left in the barn with her body. The fact that none of the ranch workers, or even her husband, seemed to be particularly saddened of her death causes the reader to feel sympathy for her because it cements just how unappreciated she was. We  finally see her for the young victim she is as ‘the meanness and the plannings and the discontent and the ache were all gone from her face’. This repetition of discontent symbolizes that death was her escape because she is now away from being negatively labelled and misinterpreted. Steinbeck uses imagery to present her at peace after her death as she is described as, ‘†¦very pretty†¦sweet and young†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ This causes the reader to feel sympathetic as the character we first perceived her as is gone. Also, the description of ‘young’ furthered my sympathy towards her as it suggests to me she had a short and unfulfilled life. My sympathy for her is also heightened in this chapter because her vulnerability is now clearly identifiable, for example she failed to understand the danger of Lennie – despite the evidence of his violent power in her husband’s mutilated hand and the dead pup he is grasping. The basic idea in Steinbeck’s description of Curley’s wife’s corpse is that in death her beauty can finally be appreciated. Furthermore, who can’t feel sympathy for somebody that is dead from no fault of their own? Personally, I feel most sympathetic towards Curley’s wife more than any other character in the book because she was in a constant battle to be accepted. What makes me most sympathetic though is that in finally letting her guard down to confide in Lennie, she was murdered. Even in her death she is nothing more than a scapegoat as she is referred to as ‘no good’ by Candy. She was never considered as a person, only as Curley’s showcase trophy. Curley’s wife, as Steinbeck depicts her, does not share Lennie’s innocence. Steinbeck rests a measure of blame for the killing on the victim herself which causes the reader to yet again pity her unfortunate life. Moreover, I feel sympathetic towards her because her dreams were futile and it was only at death that she could be rid of all the male dominance that corrupted and controlled her life. After all, it was a man who gave her the ‘false hopes entity’ that followed her to her life on the ranch, and no matter how hard she tried, she couldn’t leave the past behind. She ‘had the eye’ restlessly searching for true love and affection. Steinbeck gave Curley’s wife a circular structure that represents no matter how hard she tried to progress to her ambitions, her cycle always involved her finishing at her starting point, therefore no progress could ever made because her life was the  Ã¢â‚¬Ëœbeginning of the end’.

A Fairy Tale Christmas Essay

Once upon a time there was a very handsome boy. He was going on vacation with his family. The boy was called Sebastian. He was going to celebrate Christmas in Austria with his mom and dad, his grandmother, and his older brother and his older brothers wife and two kids. They were all very exited about it. They had been renting a big cabin 800m up, on a mountain. It was a skiing vacation, so the villa was in the middle of a big slope. The whole family was having a good time. They celebrated Christmas and ate some delicious food. But on the third day, something terrible happened. Sebastian and his big brother was skiing in an area were they hadn’t been skiing before. It was very exiting. The two guys knew about the famous and very dangerous tree-monster. Sebastian had heard some stories about the tree-monster. It was supposed to live in the area where they were skiing. But Sebastian didn’t care. He was very good at skiing and he was skiing very fast sometimes. He was fearless. Sebastian loved to ski off-piste. But Sebastian forgot that there is a lot of trees off-piste. And suddenly, when he was skiing very fast, something grabbed his leg. It was the dangerous tree-monster who had caught him. It tore his ski and helmet off. Luckily his big brother had heard him scream. So he was now running toward the tree-monster with a big axe. He chopped up the big tree-monster into many pieces. Sebastian was saved. The two guys skied back to the cabin where the family was waiting. They were very surprised to see that Sebastian had lost his helmet and skies. But when they heard was had happened. And they were very relieved that the two guys did not hurt themselves. So the family celebrated in seven days and seven nights. And they lived happy ever after†¦

Soap Operas Essays - Social Realism, Soap Opera, EastEnders

Soap Operas Essays - Social Realism, Soap Opera, EastEnders Soap Operas What forms of pleasure can be found in viewing the continuous serial on TV? The continuous serial is more commonly known as the soap opera, and is peculiar in that each episode cannot be watched and understood on its own; the viewer must watch the episodes before and after to understand what is happening. According to Brown the soap opera has 8 typical characteristics (see appendix 1). Television is becoming an increasingly important part of society. We have more televisions in our homes, and on those televisions there are more soap operas for the viewing public e.g. EastEnders, Coronation Street, Emmerdale, Neighbours, Home and Away, Brookside, London Bridge, and HollyOaks. Individuals undoubtedly get a lot of pleasure from them, and although the soap opera is viewed as entertainment, there should be a cautious approach to this view, because television is an influential part of our society. In this essay I will look at the pleasures and the consequences. Escapism is one form of pleasure. The soap provides an outlet for an individual to escape the responsibilities of their own life. As soon as the familiar theme music begins the viewer is transported to another world, although Mike Clark poses the question (page 19) What sort of escape is it that constantly refers to the very issues that may be troubling the viewer?. Another pleasure of soap operas is the continuity of the characters and settings (Clark, page 19). The familiar settings give a sense of a stability and order to the viewer. Most people know the Rovers Return in Coronation Street or the Old Vic in EastEnders. The individual feels at home with a soap and its characters, of which there can be up to 40; all are old friends to the regular viewer. For the most part they do not set out to shock. Because the characters are ordinary and believable, Mike Clark states that the actors must be the same in their lives outside television. He tells us that: When Peter Adamson, who played Len Fairclough, was charged with sexually molesting a child and subsequently killed off from the program, his crime was not that, precisely (he was acquitted), but rather one of deviating from the unexceptional norms of Coronation Street and of the viewers at home. Seeing someone who had been publicly associated with such an offence, and thinking I wonder what really happened, would be disruptive of the kind of low-key realism attempted by the program, therefore out he had to go. Im not sure that this argument would hold true today. His book was published in 1987 and since then I think the public has become more tolerant, and apart from that, Coronation Street has become more controversial in its storyline; these days generally any publicity is good for a soap. This leads to another pleasure derived from the soap opera. The private lives of the actors, reported in the press and on the television, provide an infinite source of pleasure for the viewing public. In the Evening Standard (Tuesday 3rd March 1998) there were three separate articles about three different actors from EastEnders: Barbara Windsor, Paul Bradley, and Patsy Palmer. However, such public interest can create a problem for the actors, in the form of admirers and stalkers and the public still perceiving them as their on screen character. Empathy with the characters can reduce the viewers own problems as they realise that other people also suffer; another good reason to watch a soap. Biancas abortion storyline, in EastEnders, may have helped people in similar situations think about the relevant issues before making their own decision. Regular soap opera viewers who have followed a particular soap for years, according to Clark acquire an expertise and a fund of archival knowledge, which enable them to experience the programs more fully, and more enjoyably. So, they understand the personalities, strengths and weaknesses of the characters in the soap, and will often know exactly how a particular character would act in a particular situation. For them, this makes soaps more pleasurable. The romantic interest in the soap holds many viewers. Who will fall in love? Who will have an affair? Who will get married? At the time of writing, in Coronation Street the

Analyze a Catholic Mass Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Analyze a Catholic Mass - Essay Example The priest used incense to reverence the alter before each one of the ministers proceeded to their seats but remained standing. The priest greeted the congregation â€Å"in the name of the father and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit† to which people responded by chanting the same words and making the sign of the cross, followed by â€Å"Amen†. The priest proceeded to speaks the words of the grace to which the congregation responded. Part of the mass involved the blessing and sprinkling of water. The priest made a brief prayer thanking God for the gift of water and asking Him to bless the water in the name of â€Å"Christ our Lord† to which the congregation responded with an â€Å"Amen†. The priest proceeded to sprinkle the blessed water on the congregation using what looked like a flywhisk. As he did this, the congregation engaged in singing a song. The conclusion of this rite was marked by a brief chant or prayer from the priest asking God to cleanse our since and worthy to partake of heavenly riches. Part of the mass involved reciting of the acclamations â€Å"Lord have mercy† and the singing of the song â€Å"Glory to God in the highest†. After singing and chanting the songs, someone went to read the bible for the first reading and a minister read the second reading. Between the readings, the congregation engaged in singing a psalm. The priest then proceeded to elaborate on the sc riptures that had been read followed by the proclamation of faith which involved the chanting of the apostle’s creed. The priest presided over the Eucharist which involved the breaking of break, Holy Communion, prayer, meditation and singing. The mass ended with the priest proclaiming a blessing upon the faithful. The Catholic mass involves a lot of rights and rituals which fall within the seven dimensions of religion that were postulated by Ninian Smart. Smart noted that the dimensions of religion include

Entrepreneurship Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Entrepreneurship - Assignment Example 2. Business idea. To put up a company to be engaged in providing health care services, sell health beauty products and provide therapeutic relaxation thru the establishment of a Turkish bath, sauna and spa in UK. 3. Business name and Business structure. Business name and structure will have to be registered with proper authorities before it could start operations. A big fine and penalty will be slapped to owner for failure to register. Tentative name of MT Wellness will be registered for availability of trade name. If no one uses the name, then it will be registered and nobody can use that name while it is in operation. If necessary, a trade mark can be registered. Business should be registered in the locality where business will operate and another registration is needed if it will have a branch in other state. 4. Finance structure. Capital is required in starting a business and this could come from borrowing, bank loans, financing from friends and family, commercial mortgages and money coming from the owner. A study should be done to come up with an appropriate loan package for the business proposal. 5. Management. The business calls for hiring qualified people to help owner run the company. There are several processes required in selection and hiring of employees. Owner should have a right mix of people qualified for employment in the business. Owner needs to determine the following: Company will keep products on top of the line and look for new and innovative products and services to satisfy customers, first by keeping subscription on trade magazine for trends both local and abroad. Look for new inventions that can be used by the company. 9.2 Advertising. On line selling and marketing is one way of advertising the products and services of the company. Company should get help of advertising experts for the design to make it attractive. 9.4 Pricing. There is a need to come up with the correct strategy of

The Progressive Presidents Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Progressive Presidents - Essay Example The former friends hurled insults at each other; Taft had the party behind him, but Roosevelt rallied the people. It was at this time that U.S faced a number of challenges that the people could not tolerate any more. 1880s, the country had witnessed changes in urbanization as a result of industrial revolution that it had gone through, therefore the country needed to react very swiftly by developing new approaches to curb the problems. The United States presidential election of 1912 was a four horse race; it involved the then incumbent president Taft who was re-nominated by the Republican Party as well as the support he got from it conventional wing. The former president Roosevelt unfortunately did not receive the Republican nomination, thus he drifted on his own and formed a progressive Party (Bull Moose Party), and also in the race was a Democrat Woodrow Wilson who was the preferred candidate and Eugene a nominee of the Socialist part of America. Roosevelt’s move to dare Taft for the Republican nomination in 1912 raised more questions than answers. But according to him, he was not guided by his own self interest instead he was against the status quo of the incumbent government. He sought to reform the mind-set of the majority Americans through his policies and the political ideologies of the progressive party. He made this by promoting restrictions on environmental preservation, employment and children; they also had favor towards labor unions. He also mentioned about the tariff that had directly affected the economic developments of America over the years. Roosevelt alleged that changes in the political systems, together with the plan and popular primary and direct election process would increase individual power; effectively make sure the probable power of the corporations without restricting monetary efficiency and advantages (Sinyai,2006,pg.246-8). On

Art History Essay Example for Free

Art History Essay 1. How does Ernst Gombrich define style and how might we understand the relationship between an object’s style and the time and place in which it was created? Ernst Gombrich defines style as â€Å"any distinctive, and therefore recognizable, way in which an act is performed or an artifact made or ought to be performed and made.† He also portrays style as distinguished event or pieces that has â€Å"desirable consistency and conspicuousness† and â€Å"stands out from a mass of ‘undistinguished’ events or objects†. In relation to time and place in which style was created, â€Å"The analysis of stylistic traditions in terms of the means peculiar to individual arts cuts across another approach, which is less interested in longitudinal study of evolution than in the synchronic characterization of all activities of a particular group, nation, or period.† 2. Based upon the readings, what is the relationship between style and form? Style is observing and seeing recognizable features in an object; form is in representing the event, portrays the idea, in which style and form come together to create pictorial representation. 3. Jacques-Louis David is often described as the leader of the Neoclassical school of painting and Oath of the Horatii is frequently described as the quintessential Neoclassical painting. Identify five elements of David’s painting that might be described as Neoclassical. 1. â€Å"Neoclassic artists and critics sought to revive the ideal of classical Greece and Rome.† The drapery and clothing worn by the figures in the drawing represent the classical Greek era, as well as; the columns in the background show a great representation of classical architecture. 4. The harsh, slanting light gives the figures their relief, and their contrasting characters are conveyed using different forms. The figures are separated by large empty spaces in a stage-like area shown head-on. The applied shade and shadow contrasted to the lighting emphasis enhanced the perception of depth. 5. â€Å"There is a sense of order, logic, and clarity in the subject matter and content, concepts† such as dedicating it to a ruler. Also there is a sense of decorum, appropriateness, and morality was emphasized. The painting isn’t styled with playful subject matter, or dreamy mythological, Greek god-like figures and bright colors, but technical approach by the artist. 6. Through the use of shade and applied shadows to representing three dimensional space on a two dimensional canvas. The 1-point perspective of the room was convincingly natural; the human figures were well proportioned and anatomically accurate. 7. The return to the Roman antiquity was the primary source of inspiration, which led to a period of resurgence in classicism and classical knowledge. It was also a period of enlightenment and rational thinking. This entire picture was a result of an imagination, drawn up with convincing realism to serve as an illustration to convince the viewers at their first glance. 8. Explain the significance of genre and narrative in the classification of David’s Oath as Neoclassical. This image is classified in the genre of history painting. This painting was based on the legend about the founding of Rome. David tells the story of three brothers that make an oath of loyalty to their father swearing defend their city ‘til death. . Most Neo-Classical paintings take their subjects from Ancient Greek and Roman history. In this painting, the Horatii brothers are swearing an oath on their swords, which their father presents to them to fight until they die for their country. David creates the ideal image to represent â€Å"greater seriousness and moral commitment,† which are the basic principles of Neo-Classicism. David achieves what most neoclassical artists and critics strive for in their art by reviving the idea of classical Greece and Rome.

Aberdeen Tartan Day This repo

Aberdeen Tartan Day This repo Aberdeen Tartan Day    This report examines the data from a Market Research Questionnaire presented to visitors of Aberdeen. Awareness of past events is reviewed and, preferences for future events are examined, with various alternatives being explored. On August 5, 2005 Aberdeen City Council held its second Tartan Day. In an effort to expand this newfound tradition Council wishes to explore levels of interest in different types of potential activities. In the past such activities as the Country Fair, walking tours, a family day at the Union Terrace and special Jacobite displays at Provost Skene’s House were included in the programme. The data, provided by the client, consisted of 30 respondents to the questionnaire. Although this number is small it is sufficient to extract some general information for Aberdeen City Council to make decisions regarding future events. The raw data were assumed to be correct as well as the methods for collecting the data deemed appropriate. The raw data were copied to a minitab file (available upon request) and various graphs and statistical tests performed. Means and medians were compared and, in some cases, correlation coefficients were calculated to identify relationships between areas. Demographically the respondents were evenly split by gender and equally distributed in the three age ranges 15-19, 20-24 and 25-29. Twenty-eight live in Aberdeen City, 23 are college students, one secondary student and six employed full time. All six of the respondents employed had salaries below  £1500 per month. There was huge variance in the level of awareness respondents had in the events held in Aberdeen last year. Of the 30 people surveyed almost all were aware of the â€Å"Free at the Dee† event but less than 25% were aware of ‘Tartan Day’. Event Number Aware Number Attended Aberdeen Jazz Festival 6 2 Aberdeen International Football Festival 14 1 Aberdeen International Youth Festival 13 1 Free at the Dee 28 14 Tartan Day 7 1 International Traders Fair 4 0 10k Fun Run 8 2 Highland Games 15 3 Apart from the traders fair, the football and youth festivals, the Tartan Day attracted the fewest percent of the people aware of its existence. Free at the Dee seems to have generated the keenest attraction. How respondents find out about events connected with their hobbies and interests is shown below: Communication mode Percent who used this TV 50% Press 22% Posters 18% Text Message 20% Internet 60% e-mail 30% Word of Mouth 93% Leaflets 13% Clearly word of mouth and the internet seem to be the most effective communication modes with traditional print modes (leaflets, posters, press) among the least. A review of the cost effectiveness of e-mail and the internet compared to TV may be worth undertaking. Note that since many respondents make use of more than one media the above percents add to more than 100%. The pie chart below shows the relative popularity of the five proposed themes for future Tartan Day events. These are based on the number of respondents who chose each activity as either their first or second choice. The boxplot below poignantly illustrates how the respondents voted. The shaded area shows how the middle half voted with the line in the box showing the median. The broad box for sports indicates the wide range of opinions related to the desirability of sports as a theme but whereas the small shaded area for music indicates a strong consensus (the median is actually 1). The star at 4 for music is a lone dissenter called an outlier. Clearly neither theatre, art nor highland games are very attractive as themes to the respondents. No one ranked theatre or art as number one and a singular champion of highland games voted it a first choice. Both sport and music seem to be popular. Twenty ranked music as number one and 8 ranked it as number 2 where sport received nine votes in each category. A closer inspection of the data revealed that those that placed music high as an activity tended to place sports low. A similar relationship held between highland games and theatre. This information could be valuable should the committee decide to hold two events concurrently. Most people who expressed a preference voted for the event to be held at the beginning of July either at the beach or Duthie Park. Month Count Time Count Place Count June 11 Beginning of month 13 Beach 11 July 16 End of month 1 Duthie Park 14 August 2 No preference 16 Union Terrace 3 September 1 Castle Gate 1 Exhibition Centre 1 Seventy percent of the respondents would like to see a Scottish theme (Haggis, Angus Beef burgers, Whisky and tartan) at the festival. Almost a quarter had no preference. Two-thirds of the respondents claimed to be willing to pay for this event and, of those, an overwhelming 80% peg  £1 to  £5 as reasonable with the rest willing to pay between  £6 and  £10. Since a full two thirds of the respondents selected music as the theme they would prefer for future events a review of their preferences might reveal some additional information. The music lovers showed the same generally low level of awareness and participation at the various events held in Aberdeen last year as the complete sample of thirty respondents. The first surprise is the mode of communication for the people who selected music. Communication mode Music People Percent who used this Full Sample Percent who used this TV 50% 50% Press 75% 22% Posters 65% 18% Text Message 20% 20% Internet 60% 60% e-mail 30% 30% Word of Mouth 90% 93% Leaflets 20% 13% The group that choose music made use of most media the same as the full cohort with the notable exceptions that the music group made much more use of the printed media: press, posters and leaflets. The planning committee may wish to take this into account when designing their advertising. Advertising in the printed media could place more emphasis on the music aspect and other forms of media target a more general audience. The music group favoured the beginning of July as did the whole group with an even greater percentage favouring Duthie Park. They also would like to see a Scottish theme added to the festival although whether this is confined to food, drink and dress or includes the music was not indicated. Last years brochure heralded ten out of its sixteen venues as ‘admission free.’ Two-thirds of the respondents expressed a willingness to pay for the event they chose as a potential theme for Tartan Day (ie. they expressed a willingness to pay for a music event). The committee will need to consider the question of fee from a philosophical view as well as a pragmatic one. Generally the profile of the group willing to pay aligns closely to the whole group of respondents with a few notable exceptions. The potential payers showed greater attendance at both the 10K fun run and the highland games. They relied less on internet for communication and slightly more on e-mail. They showed a significantly greater reliance on TV for communication. None of the potential payers wished to see Tartan Day in August and they favoured Duthie Park very strongly. The data were reviewed by parsing other subgroups with no startling results. The age groupings and the groupings according to employment status showed no difference from the group as a whole. There were slight gender differences in the choice of media. Females tended to favour the press and posters. A number of questions emerge naturally from the above results. If music is to be a theme what kind of music would be best received? Could there be two themes like music and sport? The survey did not indicate family status. If Tartan Day is to be a family event this group could be targeted in any follow-up surveys. The general level of awareness as indicated by the participants of the survey of Tartan Day in the past has been low and the attendance even lower. Based on the survey results the committee should consider changing the date of Tartan Day to early in July. The majority favour a music theme with the venue at Duthie Park and they are willing to pay a small entrance fee (below  £5). Depending on the target group a variety of media should be used to communicate the events of the day.